Isolasi Bakteri Rhizosfer Tanaman Padi dan Uji kemampuan Antagonisnya terhadap Helminthosporium sp secara in-vitro

Wawan Setiawan

doi:10.56211/tabela.v4i1.1489

Authors

Wawan Setiawan Politeknik Negeri Subang, Subang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56211/tabela.v4i1.1489

Keywords:

Antagonis; Bakteri; Pestisida Hayati; Patogen

Abstract

Bakteri rhizosfer berperan penting dalam meningkatkan kesehatan tanaman, salah satunya melalui kemampuan antagonistik terhadap patogen tular tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi, mengkarakterisasi, dan mengevaluasi potensi antagonistik bakteri rhizosfer dari tanah sawah di Kecamatan Cibogo, Kabupaten Subang, terhadap patogen uji secara in vitro. Sebanyak 30 isolat bakteri berhasil diisolasi, dimurnikan, dan dikarakterisasi berdasarkan morfologi koloni. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan dominasi koloni berbentuk circular dengan tepi entire, elevasi convex hingga umbonate, serta variasi warna koloni meliputi putih, putih tulang, cream, kuning, orange, dan pink, yang mengindikasikan keragaman fenotipik bakteri rhizosfer. Uji antagonisme menunjukkan bahwa empat isolat, yaitu S10, S11, S12, dan S18, mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen uji yang ditandai dengan terbentuknya zona hambat. Lebar zona hambat yang dihasilkan berkisar antara 1,0–1,4 cm, dengan isolat S18 menunjukkan aktivitas antagonistik tertinggi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bakteri rhizosfer dari tanah sawah Cibogo memiliki potensi sebagai agen pengendali hayati, khususnya isolat S18, namun diperlukan pengujian lanjutan secara in vivo untuk memastikan efektivitas dan kestabilan kinerjanya.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agarwal, H., Bajpai, S., Mishra, A., Kohli, I., Varma, A., Fouillaud, M., Dufossé, L., & Joshi, N. C. (2023). Bacterial Pigments and Their Multifaceted Roles in Contemporary Biotechnology and Pharmacological Applications. Microorganisms, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030614 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11030614

Amanatillah, N. E., & Wiyono, S. (2025). Effectiveness of bacteria Lysinibacillus fusiformis C71 and fungi Lecanicillium lecanii PTN10 on pest management of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in nursery. IOP Conference Series: Earth and …. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1494/1/012031 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1494/1/012031

BPS. (2025). Paddy Harvested Area and Production in Indonesia 2024 (Issue 15).

Ciancio, A., Pieterse, C. M. J., & Mercado-Blanco, J. (2019). Editorial: Harnessing useful rhizosphere microorganisms for pathogen and pest biocontrol-second edition. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01935 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01935

Contarino, R., Brighina, S., Fallico, B., Cirvilleri, G., Parafati, L., & Restuccia, C. (2019). Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by biocontrol yeasts. Food Microbiology, 82, 70–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.008

Dawan, J., & Ahn, J. (2022). Bacterial Stress Responses as Potential Targets in Overcoming Antibiotic Resistance. Microorganisms, 10(7), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071385 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071385

Degani, O. (2025). Plant Fungal Diseases and Crop Protection. Journal of Fungi, 11(4), 26–28. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040274 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof11040274

Do, Q. T. (2022). Antagonistic activities of endophytic bacteria isolated from rice roots against the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, a causal of rice blast disease. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 32(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-022-00571-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-022-00571-1

FAO. (2023). Pesticides Use and Trade 1990-2021. In Faostat Analytical Brief 70 (Vol. 70).

Flemming, H. C., & Wuertz, S. (2019). Bacteria and archaea on Earth and their abundance in biofilms. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 17(4), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0158-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-019-0158-9

Hasan, A., Tabassum, B., Hashim, M., & Khan, N. (2024). Role of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as a Plant Growth Enhancer for Sustainable Agriculture: A Review. Bacteria, 3(2), 59–75. https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3020005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bacteria3020005

Hassan, W., Ahmed, O., Hassan, R. E., Youssef, S. A., & Shalaby, A. A. (2023). Isolation and characterization of three bacteriophages infecting Erwinia amylovora and their potential as biological control agent. Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00689-w DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00689-w

Isrianto, P. L., Wilujeng, S., & Marmi, M. (2024). Potensi Aktivitas Antagonistik Streptomyces dari Rhizosfer Pohon Pule (Alstonia scholaris) sebagai Biokontrol. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 12(2), 1957. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33394/bioscientist.v12i2.13163

Khoso, M. A., Wagan, S., Alam, I., Hussain, A., Ali, Q., Saha, S., Poudel, T. R., Manghwar, H., & Liu, F. (2024). Impact of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on plant nutrition and root characteristics: Current perspective. Plant Stress, 11(October 2023), 100341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2023.100341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stress.2023.100341

Limtong, S., Into, P., & Attarat, P. (2020). Biocontrol of Rice Seedling Rot Disease Caused by Curvularia lunata and Helminthosporium oryzae by Epiphytic Yeasts from Plant Leaves. In Microorganisms. mdpi.com. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/5/647 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050647

Maura, A. K., John, V., Pant, H., & Srivastava, D. K. (2024). Rice Brown Spot Disease (Helminthosporium oryzae): Ecology, Epidimiology, dan Identification Measures. In Fungal Diseases of Rice and Their Management (pp. 223–234). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003332169-11

Monisha, S., Praveen, N., & A, R. (2019). Isolation, Characterization and Management of Brown Spot Disease of Rice. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), 4539–4545.

Nally, M. C., Pesce, V. M., Maturano, Y. P., Assaf, L. A. R., & ... (2015). Antifungal modes of action of Saccharomyces and other biocontrol yeasts against fungi isolated from sour and grey rots. International Journal of …. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168160515001634 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2015.03.024

Periyandavan, M. P., Selvaraj, R., Sugumar, M., & Sivasubramanian, K. (2025). Exploring the Biocontrol Potential of Rhizospheric Bacteria against Bipolaris oryzae L. Infecting Rice. Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research, 59(Of), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6443 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18805/IJARe.A-6443

Rahma, Z. P., Rahma, H., & Sulyanti, E. (2024). Exploration and Characterization of Rhizobacteria from Rhizosphere of Rice Plants to Control Fusarium Fujikuroi In Vitro. 8(2), 123–137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jpt.8.2.123-137.2024

Saeed, Q., Xiukang, W., Haider, F. U., Kučerik, J., Mumtaz, M. Z., Holatko, J., Naseem, M., Kintl, A., Ejaz, M., Naveed, M., Brtnicky, M., & Mustafa, A. (2021). Rhizosphere bacteria in plant growth promotion, biocontrol, and bioremediation of contaminated sites: A comprehensive review of effects and mechanisms. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(19). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910529 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910529

Surendhar, M., Anbuselvam, Y., & Ivin, J. J. S. (2021). Status of Rice Brown Spot (Helminthosporium oryza) Management in India: A Review. Agricultural Reviews, 43, 217–222. https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.r-2111 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18805/ag.R-2111

Tran, C., Cock, I. E., Chen, X., & Feng, Y. (2022). Antimicrobial Bacillus: Metabolites and Their Mode of Action. Antibiotics, 11(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010088 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11010088

Tudi, M., Ruan, H. D., Wang, L., Lyu, J., Sadler, R., Connell, D., Chu, C., & Phung, D. T. (2021). Agriculture development, pesticide application and its impact on the environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031112

van Teeseling, M. C. F., de Pedro, M. A., & Cava, F. (2017). Determinants of bacterial morphology: From fundamentals to possibilities for antimicrobial targeting. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8(7), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01264 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01264

Wibowo, R. H., Mubarik, N. R., Rusmana, I., & Thenawidjaya, M. (2017). Penapisan dan Identifikasi Bakteri Kitinolitik Penghambat Pertumbuhan Ganoderma boninense in Vitro. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia, 13(3), 105. https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.13.3.105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14692/jfi.13.3.105

Xia, Y., Liu, J., Wang, Z., He, Y., Tan, Q., Du, Z., Niu, A., Liu, M., Li, Z., Sang, M., & Zhou, G. (2023). Antagonistic Activity and Potential Mechanisms of Endophytic Bacillus subtilis YL13 in Biocontrol of Camellia oleifera Anthracnose. Forests, 14(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/f14050886 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/f14050886

Yang, D. C., Blair, K. M., & Salama, N. R. (2016). Staying in Shape: the Impact of Cell Shape on Bacterial Survival in Diverse Environments. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 80(1), 187–203. https://doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.00031-15 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/MMBR.00031-15