Optimasi dan Karakterisasi Gear Komposit Berbasis Serbuk Kayu Jati Limbah sebagai Material Ramah Lingkungan pada Mesin Drawing FA 306.A

Andi Purwanto; Achmad Nurhidayat; Wijoyo Wijoyo

doi:10.56211/blendsains.v5i2.2027

Authors

Andi Purwanto Universitas Surakarta
Achmad Nurhidayat Universitas Surakarta
Wijoyo Universitas Surakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56211/blendsains.v5i2.2027

Keywords:

Gear; Komposit; Mesin Drawing; Optimasi; Ramah Lingkungan

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi kebutuhan mesin drawing FA 306.A yang beroperasi 24 jam serta urgensi penggantian gear impor T30 yang mahal dan cepat aus. Sebagai solusi green manufacturing, dikembangkan komposit berbasis limbah serbuk kayu jati dan resin epoksi sebagai alternatif pengganti yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan gear komposit biomassa yang kuat, keras, tahan aus, dan ringan melalui tiga tahapan metode, yaitu Formulasi Material: pencampuran limbah serbuk kayu jati (mesh 60-80) dengan perlakuan suhu 70–110 °C dan matriks resin epoksi (fraksi volume 30%-70%). Optimasi dan Pengujian: penerapan Composite Thermal Cycling (CTC) pada suhu 55 °C dengan variasi 25-50 siklus, diikuti pengujian mekanik lengkap (tarik, bending, impak, kekerasan, keausan, dan SEM). Uji Aplikasi: pemasangan langsung gear pada mesin drawing FA 306.A untuk menguji akurasi dan kompatibilitas dimensi di lapangan.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan CTC secara signifikan meningkatkan sifat mekanik komposit. Variasi 35 siklus teridentifikasi sebagai titik optimum (sweet spot) yang menyempurnakan reaksi cross-linking dan interfacial bonding. Pada kondisi ini, komposit mencapai kekuatan tarik 33,96 MPa, kekuatan bending 52,92 MPa, ketangguhan impak 6,00 kJ/m² dengan patahan ductile, kekerasan permukaan 31,35 HV, serta laju keausan terendah 1,88 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/N.m. Secara industri, gear komposit ini sangat potensial sebagai komponen substitusi ramah lingkungan pada mesin drawing FA 306.A. Inovasi ini menawarkan efisiensi biaya, redaman getaran, serta sukses mentransformasikan limbah kayu menjadi material fungsional bernilai tinggi.

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