Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause dan Kualitas Hidup Perempuan Lanjut Usia: Systematic Literature Review

Perly Otis Putri Oktaviani; Siti Juariah

doi:10.56211/pubhealth.v4i3.1588

Authors

Perly Otis Putri Oktaviani Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Cirebon, Cirebon
Siti Juariah Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Cirebon, Cirebon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56211/pubhealth.v4i3.1588

Keywords:

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause; Kualitas Hidup; Perempuan Lanjut Usia; Pascamenopause; Kesehatan Reproduksi

Abstract

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM) merupakan kumpulan gejala urogenital akibat penurunan hormon estrogen pada perempuan pascamenopause dan dapat menetap hingga usia lanjut. Kondisi ini sering tidak terdiagnosis meskipun berdampak signifikan terhadap kualitas hidup perempuan lanjut usia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara sistematis bukti ilmiah mengenai hubungan antara GSM dan kualitas hidup perempuan lanjut usia pascamenopause. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review dengan mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data internasional bereputasi dengan kriteria artikel terindeks Scopus kuartil Q1–Q3 dan jurnal nasional terakreditasi, diterbitkan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Sebanyak 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara kualitatif melalui sintesis tematik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa GSM berhubungan erat dengan penurunan kualitas hidup, terutama pada domain fisik seperti nyeri dan ketidaknyamanan urogenital, domain psikologis seperti kecemasan dan penurunan kepercayaan diri, serta domain sosial dan seksual yang ditandai dengan gangguan relasi intim dan kecenderungan menarik diri dari pasangan. Selain itu, GSM sering tidak dilaporkan secara aktif oleh perempuan lanjut usia karena dianggap bagian normal dari penuaan. Simpulan kajian ini menegaskan pentingnya peningkatan kesadaran, skrining dini, dan penatalaksanaan GSM yang komprehensif untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup perempuan lansia pascamenopause.

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