Biofeedback Device sebagai Adjuvan Pelvic Floor Muscle Training (PFMT) untuk Stress Urinary Incontinence pada Ibu Postpartum: Systematic Literature Review

Siti Juariah; Pearly Otis Putri Oktaviani

doi:10.56211/pubhealth.v4i3.1590

Authors

Siti Juariah Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Cirebon, Cirebon
Pearly Otis Putri Oktaviani Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Cirebon, Cirebon

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56211/pubhealth.v4i3.1590

Keywords:

Biofeedback Device; Nifas; Pelvic Floor Muscle Training; Postpartum; Stress Urinary Incontinence

Abstract

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) merupakan keluhan yang sering dialami ibu postpartum terutama pada masa nifas dini (0–6 minggu). Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) menjadi terapi konservatif lini pertama, namun keberhasilannya dipengaruhi oleh teknik kontraksi yang tepat dan kepatuhan latihan. Biofeedback device dikembangkan sebagai terapi tambahan untuk membantu meningkatkan efektivitas PFMT melalui umpan balik real-time. Systematic literature review ini bertujuan mengevaluasi efektivitas biofeedback device sebagai adjuvan PFMT dibanding PFMT standar dalam menurunkan gejala SUI pada ibu postpartum masa nifas dini. Review dilakukan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 melalui penelusuran literatur open-access terindeks Scopus dan Garuda pada rentang tahun 2020–2025. Sebanyak 25 artikel awal diidentifikasi, dan setelah proses seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi, diperoleh 8 artikel utama yang dianalisis dalam review ini, terdiri dari randomized controlled trial, quasi-experimental study, meta-analysis, serta systematic review postpartum. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa biofeedback berbasis tekanan (pressure-mediated biofeedback) merupakan jenis yang paling konsisten memberikan perbaikan terhadap gejala SUI dibanding PFMT tanpa biofeedback. Sebaliknya, EMG-biofeedback pada nifas sangat dini menunjukkan hasil yang lebih bervariasi karena heterogenitas protokol latihan dan outcome yang dinilai. Secara keseluruhan, biofeedback device terutama pressure-based biofeedback cenderung memberikan hasil lebih baik dibanding PFMT saja dalam mengurangi gejala SUI postpartum. Namun, bukti khusus pada periode nifas dini masih terbatas sehingga diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan desain yang lebih terstandar.

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References

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