Pemodelan dan Simulasi Perpindahan Panas Konveksi pada Panel Surya Menggunakan Metode CFD dengan Pendingin Kipas DC

Muhammad Edgar Gazanata; Jojo Sumarjo; Deri Teguh Santoso

doi:10.56211/blendsains.v5i1.1690

Authors

Muhammad Edgar Gazanata Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang
Jojo Sumarjo Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang
Deri Teguh Santoso Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56211/blendsains.v5i1.1690

Keywords:

ANSYS Fluent; CFD; Kipas DC; Panel Surya; Perpindahan Panas

Abstract

Temperatur operasi yang tinggi menurunkan daya dan efisiensi modul fotovoltaik, sehingga diperlukan sistem pendinginan yang mampu meningkatkan pelepasan panas secara konvektif. Penelitian ini memodelkan distribusi suhu dan aliran udara pada panel surya berukuran 1,44 m × 0,77 m yang didinginkan menggunakan kipas DC. Tiga geometri rongga pengarah aliran, yaitu kotak, setengah lingkaran, dan segitiga, dianalisis menggunakan ANSYS Fluent dengan intensitas radiasi rata-rata 614 W/m². Model divalidasi terhadap data eksperimen dan menghasilkan mean absolute error sebesar 3,55 K serta galat relatif 1,14%. Pada kecepatan inlet 7,92 m/s, rongga segitiga menghasilkan suhu rata-rata panel terendah sebesar 38,15°C dan laju perpindahan panas tertinggi 202 W. Rongga setengah lingkaran menghasilkan suhu rata-rata 39,25°C dan 185 W, sedangkan rongga kotak menghasilkan 40,35°C dan 172 W. Variasi kecepatan menunjukkan bahwa 7,92 m/s memberikan performa pendinginan terbaik, sedangkan 6 m/s masih mempertahankan aliran yang relatif merata. Hasil penelitian menegaskan bahwa optimasi geometri rongga dan kecepatan kipas dapat meningkatkan kinerja termal panel surya.

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